![]() Due to its high reactivity, it is commonly found in nature bonded to many different elements. It is very reactive and is widely used for many purposes, such as as a disinfectant. Chemistry of Chlorine (Z=17) Chlorine is a halogen in group 17 and period 3.It is a nonmetal, and is one of the few elements that can form diatomic molecules (F2). It is the most electronegative element, given that it is the top element in the Halogen Group, and therefore is very reactive. Its atomic number is 9 and its atomic weight is 19, and it's a gas at room temperature. Chemistry of Fluorine (Z=9) Fluorine (F) is the first element in the Halogen group (group 17) in the periodic table.Oxidizing Ability of the Group 17 Elements.Includes trends in atomic and physical properties, the redox properties of the halogens and their ions, the acidity of the hydrogen halides, and the tests for the halide ions. Group 17: Chemical Properties of the Halogens Covers the halogens in Group 17: fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br) and iodine (I).Physical Properties of the Group 17 Elements.Group 17: General Properties of Halogens.Atomic and Physical Properties of Halogens.As a result, there is a regular increase in the ability to form high oxidation states. On the other hand, there is a regular decrease in the first ionization energy as we go down this group. This includes their melting points, boiling points, intensity of their color, the radius of the corresponding halide ion, and the density of the element. Group 17: Physical Properties of the Halogens It can be seen that there is a regular increase in many of the properties of the halogens proceeding down group 17 from fluorine to iodine.The Arabic numbering system is the most widely accepted today.\) Many periodic tables include both Roman and Arabic numbers. The modern IUPAC system uses Arabic numbers 1-18, simply numbering the columns of the periodic table from left to right.The CAS system used letters to differentiate main group (A) and transition (B) elements.The older IUPAC system used Roman numerals together with letters to distinguish between the left (A) and right (B) side of the periodic table. ![]() Three systems have been used to number families and groups: Recognizing Families on the Periodic TableĬolumns of the periodic table typically mark groups or families. Noble Gases: - Group 18 (VIIIA) - 8 valence electrons.Halogens: - Group 17 (VIIA) - 7 valence electrons.Oxygen Group or Chalcogens: - Group 16 (VIA) - 6 valence electrons.Nitrogen Group or Pnictogens: - Group 15 (VA) - 5 valence electrons.Carbon Group or Tetrels: - Group 14 (IVA) - 4 valence electrons.Boron Group or Earth Metals: Group 13 (IIIA) - 3 valence electrons.Transition Metals: Groups 3-12 - d and f block metals have 2 valence electrons.Alkaline Earth Metals: Group 2 (IIA) - 2 valence electrons.Alkali Metals: Group 1 (IA) - 1 valence electron.Many chemists and chemistry textbooks recognize five main families:Īnother common method of categorization recognizes nine element families: However, there are different ways of categorizing elements into families. Because element properties are largely determined by the behavior of valence electrons, families and groups may be the same. Element groups, on the other hand, are collections of elements categorized according to similar properties. The characteristics of the elements in these families are determined primarily by the number of electrons in the outer energy shell. Elements are classified into families because the three main categories of elements (metals, nonmetals, and semimetals) are very broad. Element families are indicated by numbers located at the top of the periodic table.Īn element family is a set of elements sharing common properties.
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